Cataract

A cataract is a clouding of the natural crystalline lens inside your eye which leads to a decrease in vision. It is common and can happen at any age, but is more common the older you get. Cataract surgery is performed to replace the cataract with a new clear intra-ocular lens implant.

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Overview

The natural crystalline lens of the eye is a transparent structure which lies just behind your pupil. This lens is responsible for focussing light on your retina and allowing things to be seen clearly. With time, the lens of the eye becomes clouded, and this is known as a cataract. The cataract may be worse in one eye at first, but usually both eyes are affected, depending on the cause. It results in a gradual decrease in vision but sometimes other symptoms such as glare and double vision can occur.

Causes

The most common cause of cataract is aging, and in all people, the lens usually develops cataract-like changes from your 50s or 60s onwards. There are other causes such as diabetes,

The most common problem you may experience is a gradual blurring of your
vision. With some Cataracts, your reading vision can improve temporarily, so that reading glasses are no longer required. Some patients experience other problems such as glare or double vision.

How to treat Cataracts

The treatment of cataract is with an operation. The cataract is removed using ultrasonic technology and replaced with an artificial lens implant, known as an intra-ocular lens (IOL). There are different IOL types which Mr. Neffendorf will discuss with you

Monofocal Intra-Ocular Lens Implant

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This lens implant gives you the choice of better focus either for distance vision or near vision. The majority of people choose to aim for good distance vision (e.g. driving) accepting that they will require reading glasses for near vision. There are certain scenarios where Mr. Neffendorf might offer you having one eye set for distance vision, and one eye for near vision. This is known as monovision.

Toric Monofocal Intra-Ocular Lens Implant

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For patients with significant astigmatism, this can be an option to reduce your dependence on glasses after surgery. Your suitability for this type of lens implant depends on pre-operative measurements of the eye which will be taken by Mr. Neffendorf during your consultation.

Multifocal Intra-Ocular Lens Implant

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These lenses are designed to correct your distance, intermediate and near vision, so that you are less likely to need glasses after surgery overall. They have been associated with an increased risk of glare or other optical issues such as haloes appearing around lights. Some people also feel the quality of vision with a Multifocal Intra-Ocular Lens Implant is worse than a Monofocal Intra-Ocular Lens Implant. Mr. Neffendorf is happy to discuss whether this lens implant type might be a good option for you.

Extended Depth of Focus Intra-Ocular Lens Implant

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These lenses are designed to correct your distance vision and improve intermediate vision (e.g. computer work) as well. Glasses are still required for near reading, and sometimes to fine tune distance and intermediate vision. They have a lower risk of causing side effects such as glare than Multifocal Intra-Ocular Lens Implants. This type of lens implant will be discussed with you during a consultation with Mr. Neffendorf.

Frequently Asked Questions

Will my vision improve after surgery?

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The vast majority of patients see better after cataract surgery. Over 95% of patients report seeing better, with less glare, and brighter colour vision.

How long does cataract surgery take?

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In most cases, approximately 20 minutes.

Will I still need glasses after surgery?

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The answer to this depends on the type of lens implant which you have chosen. All cataract surgery is intended to reduce your dependence on glasses, although you may still require distance glasses to achieve best vision and you will probably need glasses for reading depending on the lens implant type.

Am I awake or asleep during cataract surgery?

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Most patients decide to have their operation performed under a local anaesthetic, and therefore are awake during surgery. The eye is numbed either with eye drops or with an injection of anaesthetic around the eye. The operation is usually painless. If you nervous, or you feel unable to lie still, you can have the operation performed with sedation or under a General Anaesthetic (asleep). Mr. Neffendorf will spend time discussing your anaesthetic choice during a consultation.

When can I start driving after surgery

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Mr. Neffendorf will have discussed this with you during your consultation. In most cases, a few days after surgery, you can drive when you feel ready to, but only if you are able to read a car number plate at 20 metres with or without glasses. In certain scenarios, Mr. Neffendorf will explain that you must not drive until your vision has been reassessed formally to ensure if meets DVLA standards.

Can I have cataract surgery if I have another eye condition such as age-related macular degeneration or glaucoma?

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Yes. Mr. Neffendorf treats a number of patients with these conditions and in the majority of cases, cataract surgery can improve the vision. It is important to note that the amount of visual improvement is dependent on your other eye condition. Despite this, as a minimum, most patients report brighter colours after surgery even if they have other eye conditions. Mr. Neffendorf will examine your eyes comprehensively, and identify other eye conditions before undertaking cataract surgery. He will let you know if you are suitable for surgery and what sort of visual improvement you might expect to get. He might use additional techniques during surgery if you have other eye problems, to maximise the benefit from surgery.

Is cataract surgery safe? Are there any risks?

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Most people notice a significant improvement in vision after cataract surgery. The risks are low, and will be discussed with you during your consultation. You can also see a detailed outline of the benefits and risks in Mr. Neffendorf's patient information leaflet, in the Patient Info section of this website.

Do I have to have cataract surgery?

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No. But if you decide not to have surgery your vision is likely to slowly worsen with time.

Can I fly in an airplane after cataract surgery?

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There are no restrictions regarding flying in an airplance after cataract surgery. However, Mr. Neffendorf recommends all of his patients stay in the UK for one week following surgery, in case there are any scenarios that need attending to.

When can I go back to work? Or the golf course?

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Mr. Neffendorf will have discussed this with you. Every person recovers at different speeds. Most people tend to return to their normal daily activities a few days after surgery. For those who work, Mr. Neffendorf recommends approximately one week off.

After having cataract surgery, can the cataract come back?

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No. Once the cataract has been removed, and the intra-ocular lens has been inserted, the cataract will not return. There is a condition called 'posterior capsular opacification' which is sometimes referred to as 'after-cataract'. This is because the symptoms are similar to that of a cataract - painless blurred vision. Posterior capsular opacification is when the back portion of the lens capsule frosts a little - one way of thinking about it is that initially after surgery the lens capsule is clear (like a kitchen window), but with time it can cloud a little (like a bathroom window) due to lens epithelial cell proliferation. Mr Neffendorf sees patients with this condition and can perform a laser procedure which usually restores the vision to how it was early after the cataract surgery.

How do you treat posterior capsular opacification?

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Posterior capsular opacification is when the lens capsule begins to frost, and is also referred to as 'after-cataract'. It can cause blurring of vision. This can be treated with a laser procedure called a YAG capsulotomy. It is performed in clinic by Mr Neffendorf with minimal downtime afterwards.

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